Desarrollan técnica que desactiva el VIH en el cuerpo
Martes 27 de Setiembre de 2011 09:52:22 | Científicos, aseguran haber dado con un mecanismo para desactivar el virus VIH, que podría derivar en una vacuna que logre eliminar el SIDA.
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Un grupo de científicos de la Universidad Johns Hopkins de Baltimore, en Maryland, liderados por el biólogo molecular David Graham, asegura haber dado con un mecanismo para desactivar el virus VIH y que podría derivar en una vacuna que logre eliminar el SIDA.
El estudio -publicado en la última edición de Blood- describe el proceso donde los investigadores descubrieron que el VIH requiere de colesterol para comunicarse de célula en célula y que el virus está recubierto por una membrana de colesterol. Al eliminarla, éste no puede interrumpir la comunicación entre las células del sistema inmune.
El VIH toma este colesterol de las propias células inmune que infecta, y así va desbaratando el sistema de inmunidad del organismo y provocando el SIDA.
“Al robar colesterol de la cobertura del virus, podemos neutralizar la subversión. Desciframos el código; podemos terminar con el tipo de interferencia que el VIH está produciendo en el sistema inmune”, sostiene Graham, que de paso aclara que el colesterol utilizado por el virus no es el mismo que corre por la sangre en nuestras venas, sino que proviene de las células dendríticas plasmáticas (que son las primeras en reconocer el virus).
El VIH -según Graham- reprograma el sistema inmune a través de dicha membrana de colesterol. Los linfocitos T dejan de responder de manera adecuada y el virus comienza a expandirse. Con esta herramienta, se desbarata la membrana, impidiéndole a las células corromper las adyacentes y despejando el paso para que los linfocitos T ataquen la infección o patógeno de manera más efectiva.
Por el momento, Graham y su equipo sólo han aplicado el sistema en laboratorio, pero tiene esperanza en que su aplicación en animales y humanos eventualmente acabará en una vacuna contra el SIDA.
Siento que he dicho esto muchas veces en muy poco tiempo, pero veremos. Son tantos los estudios en la misma ruta, que ojalá que al menos uno llegue a buen puerto y luego a hospitales y farmacias.
Fuente: http://www.fayerwayer.com/2011/09/cientificos-desarrollan-tecnica-que-desactiva-el-vih-en-el-organismo/
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A study published in the journal "Diabetes" describes the research team's efforts in discovering that high-fat diets activate the gene responsible for the disruption of insulin production in pancreatic beta cells that triggers on the onset of Type 2 diabetes as reported by DiabeticLive.com.
Tampa, FL (PRWEB) September 28, 2011
Study Identifies Possible “Master” Type 2 Diabetes Gene: Australian scientists may have found the answer to reversing Type 2 diabetes. A study published in the journal "Diabetes" describes the research team's efforts in discovering a that high-fat diets activate the gene responsible for the disruption of insulin production in pancreatic beta cells that triggers on the onset of Type 2 diabetes. The researchers conducted their investigation at the Diabetes and Obesity Research Program at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Sydney.
Sign up for a free glucose meter at DiabeticLive.com.
Type 2 diabetes, sometimes called adult onset diabetes because it typically occurs later in life, is caused by both genetic factors and environmental ones such as poor diet, little exercise and being overweight. Production of insulin by the beta cells of the pancreas is reduced drastically in Type 2 diabetics; the lack of insulin causes elevated levels of glucose in the bloodstream. Insulin normally carries that glucose out of the blood and into cells, which use it as energy.
The gene discovered by the Australian research team is known as ld1. It lays dormant in individuals who eat a healthy diet and get regular exercise, but according to the researchers, high-fat diets trigger the gene into activating. Once active, the gene disrupts insulin production in the pancreas, which leads to Type 2 diabetes. Scientists conducted the study on cell cultures and on mice, which are typically used for such investigations since their genetic makeup is similar to that of a human.
According to the researchers' findings, high-fat diets trigger the activation of the ld1 gene in mice. However, suppressing that gene and feeding mice the same high-fat diet did not result in the development of Type 2 diabetes. They also found that pancreatic tissue taken from diabetic patients shows higher levels of ld1, which is also thought to contribute to the growth of cancer cells.
The team's next investigation will center on the feasibility of targeting the ld1 gene in therapies intended to reverse Type 2 diabetes. “The drugs could help the beta cells continue to produce insulin and protect them from the effects of a high-fat diet," said Dr. Laybutt. "So even when you were having this high-fat diet your beta cells would be protected against the normal deterioration that occurs. That's the potential. You wouldn't have diabetes anymore because it only occurs when the beta cells fail to secrete enough insulin.”
Even if it is discovered that the gene can be targeted for such therapies, Dr. Laybutt cautions that it would be a "five to 10 year process" in testing the medication for safety before it could be marketed and sold.
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